Tooj liab yog ib tug dav siv hlau paub txog nws cov hluav taws xob hluav taws xob zoo nkauj thiab thermal siv, malleability, thiab corrosion tsis kam. Txawm li cas los xij, hauv qee cov kev siv, ib qho dub dub saum npoo ntawm tooj liab yog xav tau rau kev ua kom zoo nkauj, ua haujlwm, lossis cov laj thawj tiv thaiv. Tshuaj lom neeg blackening ntawm tooj liab yog tus txheej txheem cuam tshuam nrog kev siv cov tshuaj lom neeg cov tshuaj tiv thaiv los tsim cov txheej dub rau ntawm cov tooj liab dub.
Tus qauv ntawm tshuaj lom neeg blackening
Tshuaj lom neeg blackening ntawm tooj liab feem ntau yog raws li cov tshuaj oxidation. Thaum tus tooj liab yog nthuav tawm cov kev daws teeb meem kev siv tshuaj, muaj cov tshuaj tiv thaiv ntawm nws cov nplaim dej. Feem ntau, tus tooj liab atoms ntawm cov npoo hnov nrog oxygen lossis lwm tus neeg sawv cev oxidizing hauv kev daws teeb meem tooj liab oxide compounds. Cov oxidation oxidation sib txawv ntawm cov tooj liab tuaj yeem ua rau kev tsim cov tooj liab oxide hom, xws li cov roj pleev cov roj pleev cov kab mob oxide (tepic). Cupric oxide, tshwj xeeb, yog xim dub, uas yog lub ntsiab tivthaiv uas muab lub tooj liab saum toj nws cov txheej txheem dub tom qab cov txheej txheem sib deev.
Piv txwv li, hauv ib qho kev sib daj sib daj sib daj sib deev muaj tooj liab sulfate thiab sodium hydroxide, cov tshuaj cuam tshuam hauv qab no yuav muaj. Ua ntej, tooj thiaj li reacts nrog tooj liab sulfate hauv ib qho nruab nrab acidic los ua cov txiv ntseej. Tom qab ntawd, hauv ib puag ncig alkaline muab los ntawm sodium hydroxide, lub cupium ions yog ntxiv rau daim ntawv dub cuprul oxide. Tag nrho cov tshuaj tiv thaiv tuaj yeem sawv cev tam sim no raws li cov lus sib tw uas thaum kawg ntawm kev tso nyiaj ntawm lub ntsej muag dub dub oxide ntawm lub tooj liab saum npoo.
Cov Qauv Sib Xws
Muaj ntau txoj hauv kev rau cov tshuaj blacking dub. Ib qho ntawm feem ntau yog kev siv tshuaj lom neeg. Hauv hom no, tus qauv tooj liab yog raus hauv qhov kev daws teeb meem dub rau qee lub sijhawm. Qhov muaj pes tsawg leeg ntawm cov tshuaj loog diam av nyob ntawm cov kev cai tshwj xeeb. Piv txwv li, kev daws teeb meem muaj poov tshuaj permanganate kuj tseem siv tau rau tooj liab blackening. Potassium permanganate yog ib tus neeg sawv cev oxidizing muaj zog. Thaum tus tooj liab yog raus hauv cov tshuaj no, permanganate ions ecanganate ons oxidize lub tooj liab liab, ua rau kev tsim ntawm lub tooj liab dub oxide txheej.
Lwm txoj hauv kev yog cov txheej txheem hluav taws xob hauv av. Hauv cov txheej txheem no, tooj liab yog ua raws li anode hauv electrochemical cell. Thaum muaj hluav taws xob tam sim no tau siv, lub tooj liab atoms ntawm anode poob electrons thiab yaj mus rau hauv kev daws teeb meem yog tooj liab. Cov tooj liab ions ces rov qab nrog cov tshuaj hauv cov tshuaj electrolyte los ua xim liab oxide tso nyiaj rau ntawm lub tooj liab nto. Qhov kev qhia no tso cai rau kev tswj tau zoo dua qub thiab qhov zoo ntawm cov txheej txheem sib deev me me piv rau txoj kev siv immersion.
Yam cuam tshuam rau kev siv tshuaj lom neeg tshuaj lom neeg
Ntau ntau yam tuaj yeem cuam tshuam qhov zoo ntawm cov tshuaj lom neeg blackening ntawm tooj liab. Qhov kev pom zoo ntawm cov tshuaj tiv thaiv dub yog qhov tseem ceeb heev. Yog hais tias lub siab yog tsawg dhau, cov tshuaj ntsuab yuav qeeb, ua rau ib txheej me me lossis nyias blackening txheej. Ntawm qhov tod tes, yog hais tias kev xav tau siab dhau, cov tshuaj tiv thaiv yuav muaj zog dhau, ua rau muaj kev mob corrosion thiab ntxhib txheej txheej.
Qhov ntsuas kub ntawm cov txheej txheem blackening tseem ua lub luag haujlwm tseem ceeb. Feem ntau, qhov kub siab dua tuaj yeem nrawm dua cov tshuaj tiv thaiv tshuaj, txo lub sijhawm ua haujlwm. Txawm li cas los xij, yog hais tias qhov ntsuas kub dhau lawm, nws yuav ua teeb meem xws li blackening thiab puas rau tooj liab substrate. Lub sij hawm siv sijhawm yog lwm qhov tseem ceeb. Lub sijhawm siv tau zoo yuav tsum tau ua kom ntseeg tau tias ib qho kev sib tw thiab cov txheej kub tuab tuab yog tsim. Lub sijhawm luv luv yuav ua rau muaj kev sib daj sib deev, thaum lub sijhawm tsis tiav heev yuav ua rau dhau los - blackening thiab ib txheej zuj zus ntawm cov txheej txheem plaub hau.
Daim ntaub ntawv ntawm kev siv tshuaj blackening ntawm tooj liab
Tshuaj lom neeg blackening ntawm tooj liab muaj ntau cov kev siv. Hauv kev kos duab kos duab thiab kho kom zoo nkauj, tooj liab dub feem ntau siv los tsim cov cim tshwj xeeb thiab muaj kuab heev. Cov xim dub muab tus tooj liab ntau dua thiab zoo nkauj, txhim kho nws tus nqi zoo nkauj. Hauv kev tsim khoom ntawm cov hluav taws xob Cheebtsam, cov tooj liab dub tau txhim kho cov cua sov dissipation kev ua haujlwm. Cov xim dub muaj qhov ua tau zoo dua, uas pab rau hauv cov cua sov radiating ntau dua. Ib qho ntxiv, hauv qee cov ntawv thov sab nraum zoov tuaj yeem muab cov txheej txheem tshuaj tiv thaiv kab mob corrosion, raws li lub tooj liab dub los tiv thaiv cov tooj liab los ntawm kev puas tsuaj oxidation thiab ib puag ncig kev puas tsuaj.
Hauv kev xaus, tshuaj lom neeg blackening ntawm tooj liab yog qhov ntxim nyiam txheej txheem uas ua ke cov kev tshawb fawb thiab cov ntaub ntawv tshawb fawb. Los ntawm kev nkag siab nws lub hauv paus ntsiab lus, cov hau kev, cov ntaub ntawv cuam tshuam, peb tuaj yeem zoo siv cov txheej txheem no kom tau raws li cov kev xav tau hauv ntau yam kev lag luam.