Cov kev hem thawj thiab lub luag haujlwm ntawm cov kua qaub -} raws li tshem tawm
Cov menace ntawm xeb
Xub yog ib qho teeb meem ib txwm muaj thiab tsis tu ncua uas ua rau cov khoom hlau hlau hla ntau yam kev lag luam thiab hauv peb lub neej txhua hnub. Nws yog qhov tshwm sim ntawm cov txheej txheem tshuaj lom neeg hu ua oxidation, uas tshwm sim thaum hlau lossis hlau los ua kev sib cuag nrog cov pa thiab dej. Cov tshuaj tiv thaiv ua rau kev tsim cov hlau oxide, feem ntau hu ua xeb. Qhov no reddish - xim av uas tsis tsuas yog Mars cov tsos ntawm cov hlau tab sis kuj maj mam ua rau nws cov kev ntseeg ncaj ncees.
Ntawm qhov ntsuas me me, xav txog cov khoom siv yooj yim xws li cov cuab yeej vaj, xws li shovels thiab rakes. Yog tias sab nraud sab nraum zoov nyob rau hauv ib puag ncig damp, lawv tau pib sai sai. Ib zaug - Cov hlau du hlau ua ntxhib thiab pitted, ua kom cov cuab yeej nyuaj siv. Tus xeb kuj tseem tuaj yeem ua rau cov leeg ua kom xoob kom nws noj ntawm cov pob qij txha. Nyob rau hauv kev lag luam automotive, xeb tuaj yeem yog qhov teeb meem loj. Lub cev tsheb, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog cov nyob hauv cov cheeb tsam muaj cov av noo lossis qhov chaw nyob hauv lub caij ntuj no, yog nquag ua cov xeb. Kev xeb yuav pib los ntawm kev khawb me me lossis daim tawv nqaij hauv cov xim, thiab sijhawm dhau los, tsis muaj peev xwm ua cov teeb meem ntawm cov qauv. Qhov no tsis yog txo qis kom zoo nkauj ntawm lub tsheb tab sis kuj txo nws tus nqi resale.
Hauv chaw muaj kev muaj, lub txim ntawm xeb tuaj yeem yuav ntau dua. Pipelines uas thauj cov roj, roj av, lossis dej yog qhov pheej hmoo ntawm corrosion. Cov xeb yuav maj mam nyias cov phab ntsa ntawm cov raj hluav taws xob no, ua kom xau. Xws li cov roj pipelines, ib qho xau tuaj yeem ua rau ib puag ncig kev puas tsuaj, paug av thiab khoom siv dej. Rau qhov loj- teev tshuab xws li cranes thiab siv khoom siv, xeb tuaj yeem ua kom muaj zog ntawm cov khoom siv tseem ceeb. Ib qho xeb -}} Tsis muaj zog crane caj ces yuav muaj peev xwm ua tsis tau raws li kev phom sij thiab kev poob nyiaj txiag.
Kev lag luam cuam tshuam ntawm xeb yog staggering. Raws li kev kwv yees kev kwv yees, tus nqi ntawm corrosion thiab xeb - Cov khoom siv puas tsuaj rau hauv ntau lab nyiaj ib xyoos ib zaug thoob ntiaj teb. Qhov no suav nrog kev kho vaj tse, hloov, thiab kev txij nkawm los tawm tsam cov kev cuam tshuam ntawm xeb. Kom meej meej, qhov teeb meem ntawm xeb tsis yog tsuas yog teeb meem ntawm kev ua kom zoo nkauj; Nws yog qhov teeb meem loj uas xav tau xim.
Lub luag haujlwm ntawm xeb tshem tawm
Rust tshem tawm ua haujlwm ib lub luag haujlwm tseem ceeb hauv kev tiv thaiv kev puas tsuaj ntawm xeb thiab tiv thaiv cov khoom hlau. Cov khoom lag luam tshuaj tshwj xeeb no tsim kom tawg thiab tshem cov xeb ntawm cov hlau, rov qab mus rau lub xeev ntxiv. Los ntawm kev ua li ntawd, lawv pab txuas ntxiv lub neej ntawm cov khoom hlau, txuag cov nqi cuam tshuam nrog kev nyab xeeb thaum muaj kev nyab xeeb thiab ua haujlwm ntawm cov hlau {2}.
Ib qho ntawm cov haujlwm tseem ceeb ntawm xeb tshem tawm yog kom nres cov txheej txheem xeb. Thaum xeb cov ntaub ntawv ntawm cov hlau saum npoo av, nws ua zoo li catalyst, nrawm ntawm cov txheej txheem xeb. Rust tshem tawm ua haujlwm los ntawm dissolving tus hlau oxide (xeb) thiab, qee qhov xwm txheej, hloov nws mus rau hauv qhov chaw ruaj khov. Qhov no nres qhov kev sib kis tau ntawm xeb ntxiv thiab tso cai rau kev khaws cia ntawm cov hlau hauv qab. Piv txwv li, hauv kev saib xyuas ntawm keeb kwm hlau cuav, xeb tshem tawm yog ua tib zoo thov kom tshem tawm cov xeb yam tsis muaj kev puas tsuaj rau cov hlau muaj nqis hauv qab. Qhov no pab txhawm rau khaws cov kab lis kev cai thiab keeb kwm muaj nuj nqis ntawm cov khoom no.
Rust tshem hle kuj tseem txhim kho cov tsos ntawm cov khoom hlau. Ib qho xeb - dawb hlau saum npoo zoo li huv si, tshiab, thiab ntau dua kev txaus siab. Qhov no yog qhov tshwj xeeb tshaj yog nyob rau hauv Automotive thiab rooj tog zaum. Lub tsheb nrog ib xeb {{}} dawb lub cev tsis yog zoo li zoo dua tab sis kuj muab lub tswv yim ntawm lub zoo {5} tswj lub tsheb. Nyob rau hauv cov ntaub ntawv ntawm cov rooj tog hlau, tshem tawm cov xeb yuav rov kho nws qhov kev zoo nkauj qub thiab ua kom haum rau kev siv hauv tsev lossis khoom lag luam.
Hauv kev siv cov ntawv thov, xeb tshem tawm yog qhov tseem ceeb rau kev ua haujlwm kom du ntawm cov tshuab ua haujlwm thiab khoom siv. Los ntawm kev tshem cov xeb ntawm cov chaw txav, lawv txo kev sib txhuam thiab hnav, uas tuaj yeem txhim kho kev ua haujlwm tau zoo thiab ua tau zoo ntawm cov tshuab. Piv txwv li, hauv kev tsim khoom cog, xeb {{{2} Koj tuaj yeem ua haujlwm tau yooj yim dua, txo qis kev pheej hmoo ntawm kev puas tsuaj thiab siv tau ntau lawm qeeb.
Muab qhov tseem ceeb ntawm xeb tshem tawm, nkag siab txog cov khoom sib xyaw uas ua rau lawv muaj txiaj ntsig yog qhov tseem ceeb. Ib qho ntawm cov khoom xyaw tseem ceeb hauv ntau qhov xeb tshem tawm yog kua qaub. Cov hom kua qaub siv tau tuaj yeem muaj kev cuam tshuam tseem ceeb ntawm kev ua yeeb yam, kev nyab xeeb, thiab ib puag ncig cov phooj ywg ntawm tus xeb remover. Hauv cov ntu hauv qab no, peb yuav delve ntxaum rau hauv ntau hom kua qaub muaj nyob hauv kev tshem tawm xeb, lawv cov khoom, qhov zoo, thiab cov kev tsis sib xws.
Cov acids uas tsis muaj ntshav tshem tawm
Phosphoric acid nyob rau hauv xeb tshem tawm
Phosphoric acid yog ib qho uas siv cov kua qaub nyob hauv xeb vim nws cov xwm txheej tseem ceeb piv rau qee qhov muaj zog acids. Thaum nws los rau hauv kev sib cuag nrog xeb, uas yog tsuas yog muaj cov hlau oxide, cov tshuaj lom neeg siv. Lub acid reacts nrog hlau oxide los tsim cov hlau ntsev thiab dej. Ib qho ntawm qhov tseem ceeb ntawm phosphoric acid nyob rau hauv xeb tshem tawm yog tias tus hlau phosphate tsim thaum lub sij hawm cov tshuaj tiv thaiv adheres rau cov hlau nto, tsim cov txheej tiv thaiv. Cov txheej no ua raws li txoj kev thaiv, tiv thaiv kev ua kom oxidation ntxiv thiab xeb. Nws yog zoo li cov ntaub thaiv cov ntaub thaiv uas tiv thaiv cov hlau los ntawm kev cuam tshuam ntawm cov pa ntawm oxygen thiab noo noo nyob rau hauv ib puag ncig.
Piv txwv li, hauv kev lag luam hauv tsheb, phosphoric - kua qaub {{1} Taug kev xeb feem ntau yog siv los kho thaj chaw me ntawm xeb ntawm cov xeb ntawm lub tsheb lub cev. Cov kev tshem tawm no tuaj yeem siv los ntawm txau lossis txhuam hniav. Cov kua phosphoric acid thiab raws li cov tshuaj tiv thaiv kev txhim kho, cov tshuaj tiv thaiv kab mob duab yog tsim. Qhov no tsis yog tshem tawm cov xeb uas twb muaj lawm tab sis kuj muab qee qib ntawm ntev- lub sij hawm tiv thaiv. Qee cov neeg nrov Rev Remov cov khoom uas muaj phosphoric acid suav nrog naval jelly. Nws yog ib qho zoo - paub hom uas muaj dav muaj nyob hauv cov khw muag khoom kho vajtse. Ntau DIY txaus siab nyiam naval jelly rau me me- nplai xeb cov phiaj xwm los ntawm cov cuab yeej vaj lossis cov khoom siv me me.
Hydrochloric acid nyob rau hauv xeb tshem tawm
Hydrochloric acid, nrog tshuaj tshuaj noj siv tshuaj $$ hC $$, yog cov kua qaub muaj zog uas muaj txiaj ntsig ntawm kev rho tawm xeb. Nws muaj kev tawm tsam sai nrog xeb. Thaum hydrochloric acid reacts nrog hlau oxide, nws ua cov tshuaj kas fes thiab dej. Qhov tshuaj tiv thaiv no yog li cas thiaj li nws tuaj yeem tshem cov txheej txheej tuab tuab los ua cov ntawv sau muaj zog uas loj}} ua yeeb yam kev tshem tawm.
Hauv kev lag luam nkoj, piv txwv li, cov nkoj yog raug rau dej hiav txwv tas li, uas ua kom nrawm nrawm nrawm txheej txheem. Hydrochloric - kua qaub - muaj kev tshem tawm xeb xeb tau siv los ntxuav lub hulls ntawm cov nkoj. Lub siab siab ntawm ntsev ua kom muaj xeb ntawm nkoj Hulls ntawm lub nkoj, tab sis hydrochloric acid tuaj yeem tawg tag nrho cov xeb no. Txawm li cas los xij, hydrochloric acid kuj tseem yog corrosive heev. Nws tuaj yeem hnov tsis tau tsuas yog nrog xeb tab sis kuj nrog rau cov hlau hauv qab yog tias nyob saum npoo ntev dhau lossis yog hais tias kev siab heev. Qhov no tuaj yeem ua rau dhau - corrosion ntawm cov hlau, ua rau nws cov qauv. Yog li ntawd, thaum siv hydrochloric - kua qaub - muaj kev tiv thaiv nruj yuav tsum tau ua. Protective gear such as gloves, goggles, and chemical - resistant clothing should be worn, and the work area should be well - ventilated to avoid inhaling the fumes produced by the acid.
Citric acid nyob rau hauv rust tshem tawm
Citric acid yog cov organic me organic me me nrog cov tshuaj siv tshuaj lom neeg. Nws yog qhov kev xaiv nrov rau xeb tawm hauv cov xwm txheej uas xav tau ntau txoj kev maj maj, xws li rau cov khoom muag muag lossis muaj txiaj ntsig hlau. Thaum citric acid reacts nrog xeb (hlau oxide), nws tsim cov soluble nyuaj hu ua hlau citrate. Qhov no nyuaj no tau yooj yim ntxuav nrog dej, ua kom muaj xeb ntawm cov hlau nto.
Hauv cov chaw hauv tsev, citric - kua qaub {{1} Taug kev xeb zoo li cov hniav nyiaj hniav kub, lossis cov khoom siv hlau ntawm cov khoom siv ua chav ua noj. Piv txwv li, yog tias ib qho stainless - cov lauj kaub steel muaj qee cov xeb ntawm nws kov, ib qho citric {} kua qaub {} ua tau siv tshuaj ntxuav. Cov kua qaub yuav rov qab los ntawm xeb, thiab tom qab lub sijhawm luv luv ntawm soaking lossis txhuam, ua tau yooj yim tshem tawm, tawm hauv cov hlau nto huv tsis muaj kev puas tsuaj. Citric acid kuj yog ib puag ncig tus phooj ywg piv rau qee cov kua ntxwv khov kho acorganic. Nws yog biodegradable, uas txhais tau tias nws tawg cia nyob hauv ib puag ncig thiab tsis ua rau ntev- lub sij} lub sij kuab paug. Ntau eco {-} Nco ntsoov cov neeg siv khoom nyiam citric {}} acid -} raws xeb tshem tawm rau qhov laj thawj no. Muaj ntau yam khoom lag luam muaj, xws li qee hom lag luam ntawm multi- lub hom phiaj tsev cov tshuaj ntxuav tsev uas muaj cov tshuaj pleev kom muaj xeb thiab tshem tawm.
Sulfuric acid nyob rau hauv xeb tshem tawm
Sulfuric acid, nrog cov mis nyuj, yog qhov muaj zog thiab cov kua qaub. Nws yog siv nyob rau hauv qee yam kev muaj xeb - rh} tshem tawm cov txheej txheem vim nws cov khoom muaj zog acidic haib. Thaum sulfuric acid reacts nrog xeb (hlau oxide), nws ua cov hlau sulfate thiab dej.
Hauv cov hlau -} Cov khoom lag luam me me tuaj yeem ua rau nws cov khoom siv hlau los txhim kho nws cov nplaim taws ua kom huv si, lub saum npoo yuav tsum tau huv kom huv si. Sulfuric - kua qaub {{} Raws li kev tshem tawm xeb yog qee zaum siv hauv no pre- kev kho txheej txheem. Lawv tuaj yeem hloov kho kom sai thiab tshem tawm cov xeb ntawm cov hlau loj. Txawm li cas los xij, sulfuric acid yog qhov txaus ntshai heev thiab txaus ntshai. Nws tuaj yeem ua rau kub hnyiab heev yog tias nws tuaj cuag tau ntawm daim tawv nqaij thiab tseem tuaj yeem tso cov pa taws ua rau muaj kev phom sij thaum nws nyiam. Cov cuab yeej tshwj xeeb thiab kev ntsuas kev nyab xeeb yog qhov yuav tsum tau thaum tuav sulfuric {{kua qaub {{10} raws xeb kev tshem tawm. Kev tso tsheb hlau luam rau cov sulfuric acid yuav tsum tau ua los ntawm cov ntaub ntawv uas tuaj yeem tiv thaiv nws cov khoom lag luam no yuav tsum raug yauv ua kev nyab xeeb kev kawm. Additionally, the disposal of sulfuric - acid - containing waste from rust - removal processes requires careful treatment to prevent environmental pollution.
Cov txiaj ntsig ntawm cov acids sib txawv hauv xeb tshem tawm
Kev ua tau zoo ntawm phosphoric acid nyob rau hauv xeb tshem tawm
Phosphoric acid - muaj kev tiv thaiv xeb yog qhov ua tau zoo nyob rau hauv kev sib cais, nrog cov cim tshwj xeeb uas tau ua rau lawv sib nrug. Thaum phosphoric acid los rau hauv kev sib cuag nrog xeb, nws undergoes ib qho tshuaj lom neeg. Lub hydrogen ions hauv phosphoric acid hnov nrog cov pa hauv cov hlau oxide. Qhov tshuaj tiv thaiv no tawg ntawm cov hlau - cov nyiaj sib xyaws hauv cov xeb xeb, maj mam txhuam txheej. Raws li cov tshuaj tiv thaiv nce zuj zus, hlau phosphate yog tsim. Cov khoom sib xyaw no ua kom khov kho rau cov hlau saum npoo av, tsim cov txheej tiv thaiv. Cov txheej txheej no tsis yog txwv ntxiv cov pa thiab noo noo ntawm mus txog ntawm cov hlau hauv qab, tab sis kuj muab degrosion ntawm lub corrosion tiv taus lub sij hawm ntev.
Nyob rau hauv kev tsim khoom ntawm kev lag luam machinery, ntu xws li cov zog thiab sharamts feem ntau muaj kev xeb vim raug rau cov ntsiab lus thaum lub sijhawm ntim lossis tsheb thauj mus los. Siv phosphoric - kua qaub - Raws li xeb Ruav tuaj yeem tshem tawm cov xeb. Piv txwv li, ib qho nruab nrab -}}} qhov me me tsim tsob nroj muaj ib pob ntawm cov hlau loj uas tau tsim xeb. Tom qab thov phosphoric - kua qaub {{}}} Raws li kev siv tau ntawm ob peb teev, tus xeb tau muab tshem tawm tau zoo. Cov hlau phosphate txheej tsim ntawm lub zog los tiv thaiv thiab cov txheej txheem ua haujlwm tom ntej, txo qhov kev xav tau los ntawm kev saib xyuas nquag vim yog xeb {}} cov teeb meem ntsig txog.
Ceev ntawm hydrochloric acid nyob rau hauv xeb
Hydrochloric acid tau koob meej rau nws cov nrawm heev {{0} ua yeeb yam xeb - rustal lub peev xwm. Thaum nws ntsib tus xeb, cov tshuaj tiv thaiv nrawm. Cov muaj zog acidic xwm ntawm hydrochloric acid tso cai rau nws sai sai tawg cov qauv tshuaj ntawm xeb ntawm xeb. Cov chloride ions hauv hydrochloric acid ua si ib qho tseem ceeb hauv cov tshuaj tiv thaiv. Lawv tsim cov complexes nrog cov hlau ions tso tawm los ntawm xeb, yooj yim txheej txheem. Qhov no ua rau kev tsim cov hlau chloride thiab dej.
Hauv kev tsim kho kev tsim kho, loj - teev steel qauv uas cov av noo thiab ntsev}} laden cua nrawm dua cov txheej txheem corrosion. Hydrochloric - kua qaub {{4 4}} muaj kev tshem tawm xeb feem ntau siv hauv cov xwm txheej no. Piv txwv li, thaum saib xyuas ntawm tus choj Nqaum Sab Nqaum Ib lub hydrochloric - kua qaub {{8} Raws li lub sijhawm luv luv, thiab tsis pub dhau ib lub sijhawm luv luv, ib qho tseem ceeb ntawm xeb. Qhov kev tso cai no rau cov duab tom ntej thiab kev tiv thaiv ntawm cov hlau girders, kom ntseeg tau cov qauv kev ncaj ncees thiab kev nyab xeeb ntawm tus choj. Txawm li cas los xij, vim nws cov kev ua kom sov siab, hydrochloric acid yuav tsum tau siv nrog kev ceev faj. Nws tuaj yeem ua rau muaj kev puas tsuaj sai sai yog tias lub sijhawm tshuaj tiv thaiv tsis raug tswj hwm, thiab cov pa taws yuav ua rau tib neeg kev noj qab haus huv thiab ib puag ncig.
Yub ntawm citric acid rau iltures qhov chaw
Citric Acid yog ib qho kev maj mam tseem muaj kev xaiv rau xeb tshem tawm, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog thaum muaj kev cuam tshuam nrog cov chaw huv. Nws cov acidic me me ua rau nws zoo tagnrho rau kev siv ntawm cov khoom uas tau yooj yim puas los ntawm cov acids muaj zog. Thaum citric acid reacts nrog xeb, nws tsim cov nyom nrog cov hlau ions hauv cov xeb los ntawm cov txheej txheem hu ua chelation. Qhov no nyuaj yog dej - soluble, cia tus xeb kom yooj yim ntxuav tawm.
Antique hlau yam khoom cuav feem ntau yog ua los ntawm cov hlau uas muaj nqis thiab muaj cov qauv tsim qauv. Siv harsh acid kom tshem tawm xeb los ntawm cov khoom cuav no tuaj yeem ua rau muaj kev puas tsuaj. Citric - kua qaub {{kua ntoos}. Kev xaiv xeb xeb yog qhov kev xaiv uas nyiam nyob rau hauv cov xwm txheej zoo li no. Piv txwv li, nyob hauv tsev khaws puav pheej rov kho dua tshiab, ib pawg neeg - cov nyiaj tau} plated khoom tau tsim qee cov xeb. Citric - kua qaub {-} raws li cov tshuaj ntxuav tau ua tib zoo siv. Cov acid maj mam muab kho nrog tus xeb, thiab tom qab cov ntaub qhwv ntsej muag thiab yaug, lub xeb tau raug tshem tawm yam tsis muaj kev cuam tshuam nrog cov khoom plating lossis cov khoom noj khoom muag. Qhov no khaws cia cov keeb kwm thiab kev ua kom zoo nkauj ntawm cov khoom cuav. Tsis tas li ntawd, citric acid yog biodegradable, ua rau nws ib puag ncig tus phooj ywg kev tshem tawm hauv tsev neeg thiab me me} kev cuam tshuam rau ib puag ncig ib puag ncig yog kev txhawj xeeb.
Lub zog ntawm cov sulfuric acid hauv hnyav - luag ntxig tshem tawm
Sulfuric acid yog cov kua qaub haib uas muaj txiaj ntsig zoo hauv kev cuam tshuam nrog hnyav - luag ntxig tshem tawm. Nws cov khoom muaj zog acidic pab kom nws tawg cia txawm tias cov neeg tawv ncauj ntau tshaj plaws ntawm cov khaubncaws sab nraud povtseg. Thaum sulfuric acid reacts nrog xeb thiab hydrogen ions hauv cov acid nres tus hlau {}} cov pa oxygen hauv cov xeb. Lub sulfate ions ces sib txuas nrog cov hlau ions los ua cov hlau sulfate thiab dej.
Nyob rau hauv kev ua dua tshiab ntawm cov ntawv sau ua hlau, loj - nplai hlau uas tau raug rau cov sijhawm ntev feem ntau muaj cov khaubncaws sab nraud tuab thiab tentacious. Sulfuric - kua qaub {{kua qaub {} raws li kev tshem tawm xeb tau siv los npaj cov hlau no rau kev rov ua dua tshiab. Piv txwv li, nyob rau hauv seem scrap - cov nqaj siv hlau ntawm cov xeb tau kho nrog cov sulfuric {} kua qaub {} raws li xeb remover. Cov kua qaub tau nkag mus rau cov txheej tuab xeb thiab yaj nws tau zoo. Qhov no ua rau nws yooj yim cais cov hlau los ntawm xeb thiab rov ua dua cov hlau. Txawm li cas los xij, sulfuric acid yog qhov tseeb. Cov cuab yeej tshwj xeeb thiab kev ntsuas kev nyab xeeb yog qhov tseem ceeb thaum tuav nws. Cov neeg ua haujlwm yuav tsum hnav cov iav tiv thaiv uas tsim nyog, thiab cov kua qaub yuav tsum tau muab khaws cia thiab siv nyob rau hauv ib qho chaw cua kom tiv thaiv cov pa taws uas muaj kev puas tsuaj. Pov tseg ntawm sulfuric - kua qaub -}}}}}}}}}}}}}} Xav tau kev kho mob kom tsis txhob muaj pa phem ib puag ncig.
Yuav ua li cas xaiv ib qho xeb remover raws li acid hom
Txiav txim siab cov hlau hom
Hom hlau uas koj tab tom kho yog qhov tseem ceeb thaum xaiv ib qho tsis muaj xeb remover raws nws cov ntsiab lus acid. Cov hlau sib txawv kev sib txawv rau cov acids, thiab siv cov kua qaub tsis muaj zog tuaj yeem ua rau kev puas tsuaj rau cov hlau tsis yog tshem tawm cov xeb xwb.
Rau cov roj hlau xws li hlau thiab hlau, muaj ntau cov acids tuaj yeem ua haujlwm xeb. Phosphoric acid, raws li tau hais ua ntej, yog qhov kev xaiv nrov. Nws tsis yog tsuas tshem tawm cov xeb tab sis kuj ua cov txheej txheem tiv thaiv kab ntawm cov hlau nto. Hydrochloric acid kuj tseem siv tau rau cov hlau, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog cov chaw muaj kev lag luam uas nrawm thiab loj} nplai xeb yuav tsum muaj. Txawm li cas los xij, vim nws muaj zog corrosive xwm, nws yuav tsum tau siv nrog kev ceev faj kom tiv thaiv ntau dua {5} kev corrosion ntawm cov hlau.
Thaum nws los txog txhuas, cov hlau ntau dua li hlau dua li hlau, muaj zog acids zoo li hydrochloric thiab sulfuric acid feem ntau tsis haum. Cov kua qaub no tuaj yeem ua rau muaj kev nquag nrog txhuas, ua rau nws corrode sai. Hloov chaw, Milder acids xws li citric acid los yog phosphoric acid hauv cov roj qis yog nyiam dua. Citric acid, ua siab mos siab, tuaj yeem tshem tawm xeb ntawm txhuas tsis ua rau muaj kev puas tsuaj loj rau cov hlau. Piv txwv li, nyob rau hauv kev rov kho lub cev aluminium- ali acid {{kua qaub {}}}} Cov kua qaub xeb kom zoo nkauj, khaws cia qhov tseeb ntawm cov alloy.
Tooj liab thiab nws alloys tseem yuav tsum ua tib zoo xav txog. Qee cov acids tuaj yeem ua rau tsis muaj teeb meem lossis kev puas tsuaj rau tooj liab. Cov kua qaub zoo li acetic acid (vinegar muaj acetic acid) tuaj yeem siv rau lub teeb siav ntawm tooj liab. Rau ntau tawv tawv xeb ntawm tooj liab {{3} Raws li cov tshuaj uas tsis muaj xeb, feem ntau muaj cov organic acidmed tsis muaj zog, yog qhov pom zoo. Qhov no ua kom ntseeg tau tias qhov xeb yog tshem tawm yam tsis muaj kev phom sij patina uas tooj liab loj hlob dhau lub sijhawm.
Ntsuas qhov xeb xeb
Qhov mob hnyav ntawm tus xeb yog qhov tseem ceeb hauv kev xaiv qhov yog xeb remover acid. Rau cov xeb sib me me, uas zoo li ib txheej nyias nyias lossis lub teeb cig rau saum npoo hlau, tus me me {1 acid} kua qaub xeb Tshem tawm feem ntau yog qhov txaus. Phosphoric acid los yog citric acid - based} Cov khoom yog cov kev xaiv zoo hauv cov xwm txheej no. Lawv tuaj yeem maj mam yaj cov xeb yam tsis tau dhau los ua rau cov hlau pib. Piv txwv li, yog tias koj pom tus nqi ntawm xeb, Citric - kua qaub {{acid {} Raws li cov kws huv tsev neeg tuaj yeem thov. Cov kua qaub yuav rov qab los ntawm xeb, thiab nrog me ntsis ntawm cov txhuam hniav, xeb tuaj yeem tshem tawm yooj yim, tawm ntawm cov hniav hniav thiab ntse.
Thaum cuam tshuam nrog xeb, qhov twg cov xeb xeb yog ib qho tuab me ntsis thiab tej zaum tau pib lub qhov taub hau, muaj zog me ntsis cov kua qaub. Xav tau. Phosphoric acid nrog lub siab me ntsis lossis ib qho zoo {{}}}}} ceev faj) tuaj yeem siv. Nyob rau hauv cov ntaub ntawv ntawm lub tsheb kauj vab uas muaj tus xeb me ntsis vim yog sab nraum zoov rau ib pliag, ib qho phosphoric {}}} raws xeb remover tuaj yeem siv tau. Nws yuav txig cov xeb xeb, thiab tom qab ntawd tsim cov txheej tiv thaiv ntawm cov hlau saum npoo los tiv thaiv kom tsis txhob muaj xeb.
Rau qhov muaj xeb hnyav, uas yog tus cwj pwm tuab, txheej txheem crusty ntawm xeb uas yuav tau puas cov hlau tus qauv, muaj zog acids acid los yog sulfuric acid los yog nyob rau hauv cov teeb tsa) feem ntau yuav tsum tau ua. Txawm li cas los xij, siv cov kua qaub no rau cov khoom muaj xeb ntau dhau los kuj los nrog kev pheej hmoo. Lawv yuav tsum tau siv nyob rau hauv ib puag ncig kev tswj hwm nrog kev nyab xeeb txhaj tshuaj. Hauv ib qho chaw nres nkoj, thaum tshem cov txheej tuab ntawm lub nkoj tuab ntawm lub nkoj qub, hydrochoforic {}}} reb rust tshem tawm yog siv. Tab sis cov neeg ua haujlwm yuav tsum hnav tag nrho-}}} kev tiv thaiv lub cev, kev tiv thaiv kev zam kom tsis txhob sib cuag nrog cov kua qaub thiab nws cov pa taws. Tom qab xeb yog muab tshem tawm, cov hlau nto xav tau kom huv si thiab kho kom tiv thaiv kev xeb ntxiv.
Kev Nyab Xeeb Kev Nyab Xeeb thiab Kev Nyab Xeeb ib puag ncig
Kev Nyab Xeeb thiab ib puag ncig kev txiav txim siab yog qhov tseem ceeb tshaj plaws thaum xaiv ib qho xeb remover raws nws cov kua qaub. Cov kua qaub sib txawv muaj ntau qib toxicity, corrosiveness, thiab ib puag ncig cuam tshuam.
Muaj zog acids zoo li hydrochloric acid thiab sulfuric acid yog cov xeb zoo. Lawv tuaj yeem ua rau cov tawv nqaij loj heev yog tias lawv tuaj yeem nkag mus rau hauv kev sib cuag thiab tseem tuaj yeem tso cov pa taws thaum lawv hnov cov xeb lossis lwm yam tshuaj. Kev nqus tau ntawm cov pa taws no tuaj yeem ua rau mob ua pa, ua rau hnoos, thiab mob hnyav, ntev}} Lub sij hawm mob ntsws. Thaum siv cov kua qaub no, qhov cua yog qhov tseem ceeb. Hauv cov chaw muaj kev muaj, loj - nplai txhib kom tshem tau cov pa taws los ntawm thaj chaw ua haujlwm. Cov neeg ua haujlwm yuav tsum tau hnav cov khoom tiv thaiv tus kheej tsim nyog (PPE), suav nrog cov hnab looj tes tiv hnab, hnab looj tes tiv khib, thiab aprons.
Ntawm qhov tod tes, cov kua qaub me xws li citric acid muaj kev nyab xeeb dua. Lawv yog biodegradable thiab muaj tsawg toxicity. Citric- kua qaub {{{}} muaj kev xaiv ntau rau kev siv hauv tsev, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog nyob hauv tsev neeg nrog menyuam yaus lossis tsiaj. Lawv tuaj yeem raug siv tsis muaj kev txhawj xeeb txog kev txhawj xeeb txog kev sib raug zoo. Piv txwv li, thaum tu cov khoom ua si xeb hlau, ib qho khoom ua si ntawm cov tshuaj tua hluav taws xob tuaj yeem siv nrog kev phom sij, thiab yog tias muaj kev phom sij.
Cuam tshuam ib puag ncig kuj tseem yog ib qho tseem ceeb. Cov kua qaub uas tsis yog biodegradable thiab muaj cov tshuaj xav tau pa tawm (COD) tuaj yeem ua kom dej paug tsis muaj xeb -} tshem tawm cov txheej txheem tshem tawm tsis raug. Piv txwv li, qee cov sulfuric - kua qaub {{4 4} Ua rau cov dej tsis yeem tawm, ua rau nws acidic thiab teeb meem rau dej ua lub neej. Hauv kev sib piv, citric - kua qaub {{}}} Nyob zoo ib puag ncig yog ib puag ncig ua phooj ywg ib puag ncig. Thaum xaiv ib qho kev thim rov qab, nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb uas yuav tau xav txog kev ib puag ncig ib puag ncig, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog hauv kev lag luam cov khoom siv uas muaj kev rho tawm ntawm xeb tau siv. Ntau qhov kev lag luam tam sim no tau tsiv mus rau ntau nrawm thiab ib puag ncig tus phooj ywg rust- tshem tawm cov kev tshem tawm kom txo lawv cov kev cuam tshuam rau lub ntiaj teb.
Cov kev xaiv ntse rau xeb tshem tawm
Recap ntawm cov ntsiab lus tseem ceeb
Hauv qhov kev tshawb pom ntawm xeb tshem tawm, peb tau rho tawm mus rau hauv lub ntiaj teb ntawm cov acids uas ua ib lub luag haujlwm tseem ceeb hauv cov khoom tseem ceeb. Xeb, teeb meem pheej yig thiab muaj nuj nqis, tuaj yeem ua rau cov khoom puas hlau, ob leeg hauv peb lub neej txhua hnub thiab hauv cov chaw muaj kev muaj chaw nyob. Rust tshem tawm yog tus yuam sij kom tiv thaiv cov teeb meem no, thiab lawv cov txiaj ntsig feem ntau hinges ntawm hom acid lawv muaj.
Phosphoric acid, nrog nws cov mis nyuj muaj $$ h_3po _ $$, yog ib qho kev xaiv nyob hauv kev rho nyiaj xeb. Nws reacts nrog xeb los ua tus tiv thaiv hlau phospphate txheej, uas tsis tsuas yog tshem tawm cov xeb uas twb muaj lawm tab sis kuj tau muab kev tiv thaiv ntev rau kev tiv thaiv kev xeb ntxiv. Hydrochloric acid ($$ hc $$) yog cov acid muaj zog paub rau nws cov xeb ceev ceev- cov piam tas. Nws tuaj yeem tsoo cov txheej tuab ntawm cov xeb, ua rau nws haum rau kev siv cov kev siv, txawm hais tias nws muaj kev tiv thaiv kev nyab xeeb nruj. Citric acid ($$ c_6h_8o _ $$), ib qho me me organic acid, yog qhov zoo rau cov chaw muag tshuaj. Nws ua cov dej - soluble complex nrog xeb, tso cai rau maj mam tshem tawm yam tsis muaj kev puas tsuaj rau cov hlau puas. Sulfuric acid ($$ h_2 $$) yog ib qho muaj zog acid siv, tshwj xeeb} Kev muaj cov txheej txheem kev muaj zog, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog nyob rau hauv cov txheej txheem muaj xeb uas yuav tsum tau muab tshem tawm. Txawm li cas los xij, nws qhov corrosiveness xav tau tshwj xeeb tuav thiab kev ntsuas kev nyab xeeb.
Thaum xaiv ib qho xeb remover raws li nws cov kua qaub, ntau yam yuav tsum tau txiav txim siab. Hom hlau tau kho yog qhov tseem ceeb, raws li cov sib txawv ntawm cov hlau ua txawv rau cov kua qaub. Piv txwv li, cov hlau ferals tuaj yeem tiv thaiv cov muaj zog acids zoo li hydrophyloric lossis phosphoric acid, thaum lub sij hawm txhuas kom tau ntau cov kua qaub ntau xws li citric acid. Qhov mob hnyav ntawm qhov xeb kuj txiav txim siab qhov kev xaiv ntawm cov kua qaub. Kev tiv thaiv me me tuaj yeem kho nrog me- acid Rust tshem tawm, thaum muaj xeb loj yuav tsum muaj cov muaj zog acids muaj zog. Kev Nyab Xeeb Kev Nyab Xeeb thiab ib puag ncig muaj txiaj ntsig tseem ceeb tshaj plaws. Cov kua qaub muaj zog tuaj yeem ua rau tib neeg kev noj qab haus huv thiab ib puag ncig, yog li cov iav kom raug nyab xeeb thiab cua yog qhov tseem ceeb thaum siv lawv. Cov mob me thiab biodegradable acids zoo li citric acid yog ntau ib puag ncig phooj ywg thiab muaj kev nyab xeeb dua rau kev siv tsev.
Cov kev xav kawg ntawm kev xaiv xeb xaiv
Xaiv txoj cai Rust remover raws nws cov ntsiab lus meej yog qhov kev txiav txim siab uas yuav tsum tsis txhob coj me ntsis. Nws yuav tsum tau kev soj ntsuam zoo ntawm hom hlau, xeb hnyav, thiab kev nyab xeeb thiab ib puag ncig. Siv cov tsis muaj xeb remover tuaj yeem ua rau tsis muaj xeb kev tshem tawm, puas rau cov hlau, thiab muaj peev xwm ua rau tus neeg siv thiab ib puag ncig.
Hauv chaw muaj kev muaj, qhov twg loj - nplai xeb thim yuav tsum tau tsav los ntawm kev ua haujlwm thiab tus nqi- ua hauj lwm zoo. Txawm li cas los xij, kev nyab xeeb cov kev cai yuav tsum tau nruj me ntsis ua raws li cov neeg ua haujlwm thiab ib puag ncig. Hauv tsev neeg thiab me {{4 4}}} teev cov ntawv thov, cov khoom siv xws li yooj yim siv, kev nyab xeeb, thiab ib puag ncig ua phooj ywg yuav yog qhov tseem ceeb dua.
Los ntawm kev nkag siab txog cov acids sib txawv hauv xeb tshem tawm thiab yuav ua li cas xaiv qhov yog rau qee qhov xwm txheej, peb tuaj yeem ua kom muaj kev tiv thaiv peb cov khoom hlau. Seb nws yog cov cuab yeej muaj nuj nqis, ib qho loj ntawm cov khoom siv tau txuas ntxiv ntawm cov khoom siv xeb tuaj yeem txuas ntxiv thiab pab txhawb kom muaj peev xwm ntau dua thiab siv tau ntau yam khoom siv. Yog li, lwm zaus koj ntsib xeb ntawm ib qho khoom siv hlau, siv sijhawm los sau cov kev txiav txim siab ntawm tus muaj xeb koj siv, thiab xyuas kom meej tias koj siv nws yam xyuam xim thiab muaj txiaj ntsig.